槲寄生属植物凝集素的研究进展

Lectins in Viscum:a progress review

桑寄生科槲寄生属Viscum植物为多年生常绿寄生性灌木或亚灌木,共约70种,主要分布于热带和亚热带地区,我国产11种、1变种。槲寄生凝集素是从槲寄生属植物中提取分离纯化得到的Ⅱ型核糖体失活蛋白(ribosome-inactivating protein,RIP),具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节等生物活性。近几十年来国外对白果槲寄生V.album和韩国槲寄生V.album var.coloratum的凝集素进行了大量研究,并开发出以凝集素为主要活性成分的槲寄生制剂用于临床。我国槲寄生属植物资源丰富,但国内对本土槲寄生凝集素的研究较少。该文查阅了近几十年来国内外相关文献,从槲寄生属植物凝集素的提取分离、定性定量检测、蛋白质结构、药理作用、毒性及临床应用等方面进行综述,以期为中国槲寄生凝集素的深入研究及开发利用提供参考。

Viscum plants,the evergreen perennial parasitic shrubs or subshrubs,are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions.There are about 70 Viscum species around the world,including 11 species and one variety in China.Mistletoe lectins are typeⅡribosome-inactivating proteins(RIPs)extracted from Viscum plants with anticancer and immunoregulatory activities.Many studies have focused on the mistletoe lectins isolated from V.album in Europe and V.album var.coloratum distributed in South Korea,respectively,and several preparations,such as IscucinⓇ,were developed and clinically applied for cancer treatment.Although Viscum plants are widely distributed in China,only a few studies of mistletoe lectins have been reported.The recent progress of mistletoe lectins was reviewed from extraction,purification,quantitative/qualitative detection,molecular structure,pharmacological activities,toxicities,and clinical application,aiming at providing a reference for in-depth research and utilization of mistletoe lectins produced in China.