“一带一路”背景下中国西部城市经济全球化水平的空间演化

Spatial Evolution of Economic Globalization Level of Cities in Western China Under the Background of"the Belt and Road"

通过构建熵值—突变级数模型,从4个维度分解并综合测算2013—2017年我国西部地区地级及以上城市的经济全球化水平;运用探索性时空数据分析(ESTDA)方法分析其时空分异格局和趋势演化特征;采用动态面板广义矩(GMM)方法,从5个层面探测影响因素。结果表明:①2013—2017年,西部地区城市经济全球化水平总体呈波动上升趋势,城市间空间差异显著,具有明显的行政指向性和地域分异性特征,研究区部分边境城市、省会城市/直辖市的外贸全球化和开放全球化水平较高,旅游全球化水平较高以上的城市多位于研究区西北部、北部和南部,外资全球化水平呈现出由西北向东南递减且呈组团分布;②城市经济全球化水平在空间呈集聚分布且在发展中具有较强的空间依赖,局部空间关联格局稳定性较高,大部分空间关联类型的转移表现出一定的跃迁惰性;③两阶段系统GMM估计结果表明城镇化率、公共财政支出中教育支出占比、公共财政支出中科技支出占比、GDP和货运量对我国西部城市经济全球化水平具有正向影响。

Globalization is one of the important characteristics of the economic development in the contemporary world.It is also an important gripper and engine for building a community of human destiny.Constructing an entropycatastrophe progression method,this study comprehensively calculated the economic globalization level of cities in western China at the prefecture level from 2013 to 2017,and decomposed it from the four dimensions which were foreign trade globalization,foreign investment globalization,tourism globalization,and open globalization.The exploratory spacetime data analysis(ESTDA)was used to explore its spatial-temporal differentiation pattern and trend evolution characteristics.The dynamic panel generalized moment(GMM)method was used to detect the influencing factors from five aspects.The results show that:1)From 2013 to 2017,the economic globalization level of cities in western China generally showed a rising and fluctuating trend,and there was a significant spatial difference between cities,with obvious administrative orientation and regional differentiation.The level of foreign trade globalization and open globalization in municipalities is relatively high,and cities with higher levels of tourism globalization are mostly in the northwest,north,and south of the study area.The level of foreign investment globalization is decreasing from northwest to southeast with characteristics of group distribution.2)The economic globalization level of cities showed agglomerated distribution characteristics with strong spatial dependence in development and high stability of local spatial correlation patterns.Most types of spatial correlations have different degrees of transition inertia.3)The results of the two-stage system GMM estimation show that the urbanization rate,the proportion of public expenditures in education expenditures,the proportion of public expenditures in science and technology expenditures,the GDP,and the freight volume have a positive impact on the level of economic globalization in the western cities of China.