重审认知资本主义语境中的“认知”观念——基于历史唯物主义视角的批判性考察

Re-examine the Concept of“Cognition”in the Context of Cognitive Capitalism:A Critical Investigation Based on the Perspective of Historical Materialism

在当今对资本主义新形态的研究中,资本的新形态似乎已经完全异质于马克思所说的资本主义。为反对这一观点,我们将认知资本主义作为一种资本主义新形态批判的"模型",对其进行三个方面的考察:意大利自治主义与法国激进左翼在逆转资本统治之下主体地位时,如何借助认知资本主义进行理论重构;通过阐释认知资本主义中的"死知识—活知识"的对立,从而理解资本主义的"脑力"生产的基本法则;最后以"认知的资本"还是"资本的认知"的发问,引出资本主义生产关系对认知、智力的形塑问题。通过在认知资本主义的批判梳理中显现历史唯物主义的基本原则,使得我们与西方左翼在面对同样的资本主义新形态时,得出完全不同的理论判断,为未来社会呈现不同的变革方式。

Nowadays,among the researches on the new form of capitalism,the theory of new form of capital that seems to be completely different from what Marx called capitalism is still quite popular.In order to oppose this view,we should take cognitive capitalism as a critical"model"of the new form of capitalism,and investigate it from three aspects:How did The Italian Autonomism and the French Radical Left reconstruct their theories with the help of cognitive capitalism when they reversed the subject position under the dominant of capital;By explaining the opposition between"dead knowledge and living knowledge"in cognitive capitalism,we can understand the basic law of"brain"production in capitalism.Finally,the question of"cognitive capital"or"cognition of capital"leads to the question of how capitalist relations of production shape cognition and intelligence.Thus,facing the same new form of capitalism,we and the Western Leftists have come to completely different theoretical judgments and present different reforming ways for the future society by showing the basic principles of historical materialism in the critical of cognitive capitalism.