煤粉云火焰传播特性实验研究

Experimental research on flame propagation characteristics of coal dust combustion

煤矿开采中存在煤粉爆炸的重大安全隐患,本实验主要研究煤粉云的火焰传播,为预防和控制煤粉爆炸事故提供理论依据。实验采用粉尘云点火装置对煤粉在燃烧玻璃管中进行试验,通过改变煤粉云浓度探讨其对煤粉云火焰传播过程的影响,并利用高速摄影记录煤粉火焰传播过程。结果表明,点火电极在点燃煤粉云后,火焰沿着玻璃直管管壁竖直传播,火焰在传播过程中发出明亮的黄光并在玻璃直管上端端口形成蘑菇云状的火焰。当煤粉云的浓度为250 g/m^(3)时,其燃烧时间远远小于浓度为500 g/m^(3)和750 g/m^(3)时的燃烧时间。当浓度分别为250 g/m^(3)、500 g/m^(3)和750 g/m^(3)时,其火焰前锋阵面最大传播速度分别在100 ms、353 ms和310 ms时达到相应的最大值1.51 m/s、2.00 m/s和1.61 m/s。火焰前锋阵面达到最大速度的时间和火焰传播的最大速度随浓度的增加先增大后减小。

The presence of coal dust explosions in coal mining are significant safety hazards.This study mainly explores the flame propagation of coal dust combustion so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of coal dust explosions.In the experiment,a dust cloud ignition device was used to experimentally explore the influence of the coal dust concentration on the flame propagation of the coal dust,and high-speed photography was used to record the coal dust flame propagation process.The results show that the flame propagates vertically along the wall of the vertical glass tube,emits a bright yellow light during the propagation process,and forms a mushroom cloud-shaped flame at the upper end of the vertical glass tube.When the concentration of coal dust is 250 g/m^(3),its burning time is much less than those of 500 g/m^(3)and 750 g/m^(3).When the concentrations are 250 g/m^(3),500 g/m^(3)and 750 g/m^(3),respectively,the corresponding maximum propagation velocities of the flame front reach 1.51 m/s,2.00 m/s and 1.61 m/s at 100 ms,353 ms and 310 ms,respectively.The time for the flame front velocity to reach the maximum and the maximum velocity of flame propagation first increase and then decrease with the rising of concentration.