基于知识图谱的老年人出行行为特征研究进展

Research progress of travel behavior characteristics of elderly people based on knowledge graph

为全面了解老年人的出行行为特征现有的研究进展,运用知识图谱分析和传统文献研究相结合的方法,通过Web of Science核心合集数据库和CNKI知网数据库,获取了在1993~2020年间出版的老年人出行研究相关中英文文献,分别为303篇和367篇(数据采集的最后时间均为2020年8月16日)。重点探讨了近10年老年人出行研究现状,并利用知识图谱展示研究的发展进程和前沿热点,并基于关键词图谱分析,从数据类型与方法模型、老年人出行行为特征分析、保障或促进老年人出行的策略3个方面总结归纳现有研究成果。结果表明:在数据类型方面,大多采用出行调查数据,对大数据挖掘深度不够,有限的研究使用了开源或多源数据;在分析方法与模型的选取上,多使用描述性统计方法或数理模型,缺乏多学科视角下的综合性分析。在出行行为特征分析方面,关于灵活交通服务和新兴出行方式的研究较少,影响因素的研究多集中于可直接观测的社会人口统计学因素和环境因素,关于心理因素等潜变量因素相对较少。在策略层面上,将其归纳为空间规划、交通规划、政策3个方面,缺少智能化精细化的交通需求管理等方面的策略。未来的研究可以立足于中国国情,从不同社会维度出发,满足老年人的出行需求,通过多样化方法融合多源数据进行分析,全面、准确地描述老年人的出行行为特征,为完善和制定改善老年人出行的人性化策略提供依据。

In order to fully understand the current research progress of travel behavior characteristics of elderly people,knowledge graph analysis combined with traditional literature research were used.Through the Web of Science Core Collection database and CNKI database,303 articles in Chinese literature and 306 articles in English literature were obtained,on the travel of elderly people and published between 1993 and 2020(up to 16 th August,2020).The current research of travel of elderly people in the past 10 years were focused,and the knowledge graph was used to show the development process and frontier hotspots.Based on keyword graph,the results of the existing research were summarized from three aspects,including models using multivariate data,analysis of travel behavior characteristics of elderly people,and strategies to ensure or promote the travel of elderly people.The results show that concerning data type,the research mostly uses data of trip surveys with insufficient analysis of big data and limited use of open-source or multi-source data.Many descriptive statistical methods or mathematical models are used for the selection of research methods and models,but there is a lack of comprehensive analysis from a multidisciplinary perspective.In terms of the analysis of travel behavior characteristics,the research on flexible transportation services and emerging travel modes are relatively scant.Moreover,the research on influencing factors mostly focuses on social-demographic factors and built environment factors that can be directly observed,relatively less attention is put on latent variable factors such as psychological factors.Besides,the strategies are summarized into three aspects,spatial planning,transportation planning,and policy.Further find that strategies such as intelligent and refined traffic demand management are lacking.Future research can start from different social dimensions that based on China’s national conditions to study the travel needs of the elderly.A comprehensive and accurate analysis of the travel behavior characteristics of the elderly require the integration of multi-source data through diversified methods.The results of the analysis can provide a basis for the improvement and formulation of humanized strategies for improving the travel of the elderly.