GCr15SiMn滚动轴承钢的磨损失效分析

Analysis on Wear Failure of GCr15SiMn Rolling Bearing Steel

某工厂的大型滚动轴承在使用过程中出现了轴承内圈严重磨损的现象。通过直读光谱仪、扫描电镜、能谱仪、洛氏硬度计、光学显微镜和体视显微镜对GCr15SiMn钢大型滚动轴承磨损内圈进行了化学成分测试、断口微观检验、非金属夹杂物检验、硬度检测以及金相组织检验。结果表明,磨损处含铁的金属氧化物夹杂物较多,磨损处显微组织为颗粒状碳化物、隐针回火马氏体和黑色托氏体;其中黑色托氏体的存在会降低磨损轴承内圈的硬度,磨损轴承内圈硬度偏低会导致在磨损处产生塑性变形,进而产生裂纹和孔洞,这些因素导致了GCr15SiMn钢大型滚动轴承的失效。

A large-scale rolling bearing in a factory generates the phenomenon of serious wear of bearing inner ring in use.The chemical composition,fracture microscopic examination,non-metallic inclusions test,hardness test and metallographic examination of GCr15 SiMn steel were carried out by direct reading spectrometer,SEM,EDS,rockwell hardness tester,optical microscope and stereo microscope.The results show that there are more inclusions of iron-containing metal oxides in the wear zone,and the microstructure of the wear zone is granular carbides,hidden-needle tempered martensite and black troostite.The presence of black toenail reduces the hardness of wear bearing inner ring,and lower wear bearing inner hardness leads to plastic deformation in the wear position,as well as cracks and holes caused by plastic deformation,and then the factors lead to the failure of GCr15 SiMn steel large-scale rolling bearing.