正弦激励下矩形容器内液体晃动特性研究

Study on Characteristics of Liquid Sloshing in Rectangular Container Under Sinusoidal Excitation

为了获得容器内液体的晃动特性,采用数值模拟方法对正弦激励下矩形容器的晃动过程进行研究。通过用户自定义函数实现速度的加载,给定容器的刚体运动,通过计算结果与实验数据的对比验证数值方法的准确性;探究不同激励对矩形容器壁面受力及液面变化作用机制,揭示外部激励频率、激励幅值对液体晃动特性的影响规律。结果表明:一般情况下,液体晃动频率接近于外界激励频率,而当激励频率超过液体固有频率时,晃动频率会小于激励频率;液体晃动频率与外界激励幅值无关,晃动幅度随激励幅值的增大而增大;使外界激励频率远离液体固有频率,可有效抑制液体晃动,达到减震的目的。该结论对非线性激励下载液容器内液体晃动动态响应的预测、保证储液系统的安全运行具有重要的参考价值。

In order to obtain the sloshing characteristics of liquid in the container,the sloshing process of a rectangular container under sinusoidal excitation was studied by numerical simulation method.The velocity was loaded by user defined function,and the rigid body motion of the container is given.The comparison between calculation results and experimental data verified the accuracy of the numerical method.The mechanism of different excitation on the force of vessel wall and the change of the liquid level was explored,and the influence of external excitation frequency and excitation amplitude on liquid sloshing characteristics was revealed.The results show that the liquid sloshing frequency,in general,is approximately equal to the external excitation frequency,but it would be less than the excitation frequency when the excitation frequency exceeds the natural frequency of liquid;the liquid sloshing frequency will not affected by the external excitation amplitude,while the sloshing amplitude increases with the increasing of the excitation amplitude;keeping the external excitation frequency away from the natural frequency of liquid can effectively suppress the liquid sloshing and achieve the purpose of shock absorption.The conclusion has important reference value for the prediction of dynamic response of liquid sloshing in container under nonlinear excitation and the guarantee of safe operation of liquid storage system.