北京2022年冬奥会筹办阶段的运行特点、进展状况及后续建议

The Operational Characteristics,Progress and Suggestions of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games in Preparation Stage

从学理上分析奥运会筹办和举办的实践经验,是奥林匹克研究的重要内容,对其他大型体育赛事的理论与实践具有重要的借鉴价值。以北京2022年冬奥会为研究对象,通过整合《主办城市合同》《奥运会指南》《技术手册》《奥运会新规范》等新材料,运用文献研究、专家访谈、比较分析等研究方法,从“赛事管理整合路线图”的价值分析、筹办阶段的划分概述、北京2022年冬奥会筹办阶段的运行特点与筹办情况、后续建议4个方面展开研究。研究认为:“赛事管理整合路线图”是冬奥会筹办过程中将关键里程碑事件与诸多业务口联系起来的重要指导资料;奥运会分为基础、计划、运行就绪、运行和解散5个筹办阶段,不同阶段的任务特征决定了管理策略的差异;北京2022年冬奥会已顺利高效地完成了基础、计划阶段,正进入注重实操的运行就绪阶段,凭借办奥经验的积累、新理念的贯彻和政府对北京冬奥会筹办的支持,形成了独特的办奥模式;在后续的筹办过程中应从贯彻办奥理念、做好测试赛管理、加强与国际体育组织间的沟通、强化场馆运行和疫情防控等方面提升筹办质量,确保冬奥会办得精彩、非凡、卓越。

From the academic and theoretical perspective to analyse the Olympic Games staging experience is an important content of Olympic research and it’s a good reference for other large-scale sports events.Taking the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games as the research topic,the article integrates new materials such as“Host City Contract”,“Olympic Games Guide”,“Technical Manual”,and“Olympic Agenda 2020:the New Norm”,and adopts literature research,expert interview and comparative analysis research methods.The research is carried out from four aspects,including the value analysis of the“Games Management Integration Roadmap”,the overview of the division of the preparation stage,the operational characteristics and preparation situation of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games,and the suggestions on the follow-up preparations.According to the study,the“Games Management Integration Roadmap”is an important guide to link key milestones with many business procedures during the preparation process of the Winter Olympic Games.The Olympic Games can be divided into five stages:foundation phase,planning phase,readiness phase,games operation phase and dissolution phase.The task characteristics of different phase determine the differences of management strategies.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games has successfully and efficiently completed the foundation phase and planning phase,and is now entering the readiness phase.With the legacies of the hosting Beijing 2008 Olympic Games,the implementation of new development principles and supporting by the Chinese government,the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games has formed a unique mode.In the following preparation process,it should carry out the new ideal,and do a good job in the management of test events.It should strengthen the communication with international sports federations,and strengthen venue operation and epidemic prevention to improve the quality of preparation,and deliver a fantastic,extraordinary and excellent Beijing 2022Winter Olympic Games.