卡瓦格博山地绿洲的外部空间命名——以德钦藏族的生态认知为视角

An Analysis of the Naming of Outer Space of the Oasis in Mt.Kawadkarpo--Based on the Ecological Knowledge of Tibetans in Deqing County,Yunnan

在滇西北藏族的传统认知中,卡瓦格博雪山被划分为内、外两个空间。其外部空间的世俗命名体系,奠基于干热河谷的人造绿洲之上,它将土地、家屋和家庭连为一体,并与内部空间的神圣性相互对应,来界定人与周围环境相互缠绕和共生的关系,并由此确立了一系列保护和利用自然资源的规则。这套打破人与自然二元划分的认知系统,为“自然圣境”的研究,提供了一个不可多得的案例。

According to the indigenous knowledge of Tibetans living in Northwest Yunnan,the Kawadkarpo snow mountain is divided into two spaces——the inner and the outer.Corresponding to the sacredness of the inner space,the naming system of the earthly outer space is based on the cultivation of oasis among the hot-dry valleys.Weaving the land,the households and the families into a whole,it defines the entangling and symbiotic relationship between humans and nature and thus sets up a series of rules on how to conserve nature and utilize nature resources.This cognitive system,breaking the binary division between man and nature,provides us with a unique perspective of understanding the natural sacred site of Kawadkarpo in a holistic world of symbiosis.