航天功能防护涂层设计与调控

Design and Modulation of Functional Protection Coatings on Aerospace

随着航空航天技术的不断发展,航天材料在使用过程中会面临更加复杂苛刻的服役环境,研究出具有高硬度、高耐磨性、高耐腐蚀性等不同防护功能的涂层材料成为当前的研究重点。本文系统归纳和评述了润滑涂层、耐磨涂层与耐蚀涂层材料的研究进展,主要包括DLC薄膜、MoS_(2)薄膜、氮化物涂层、石墨烯基涂料等。在此基础上并探讨了复合、梯度多层、纳米多层等结构设计方法和工艺技术及对涂层性能的增强机制。指出航天功能防护涂层未来将向着通过跨尺度结构设计,综合多种防护机理制备出超长寿命的航天功能防护涂层的方向发展。

In recent years,with the continuous development of aerospace technology,aerospace materials will face more complex and harsh environment in the use process.Research on coating materials with different protective functions such as high hardness,high wear resistance and high corrosion resistance has become a current research hotspot.The research progress of lubrication coating,wear-resistant coating and corrosion-resistant coating is reviewed,including diamond-like carbon film,molybdenum disulfide film,nitride coating,graphene based coating,etc.On this basis,the design methods and technologies of composite,gradient multilayer and nano multilayer structures are introduced,and the enhancement mechanism of coating performance is discussed.It is pointed out that the future development direction of space functional protective coatings is to prepare ultra long life space functional protective coatings through cross scale structure design and comprehensive protection mechanism.