职业教育在西方高等教育中的演进

The Evolution of Vocational Education in Western Higher Education

巴尼特认为西方高等教育发展是自由教育发展的演进史。但是他忽视了和职业教育相关的德国研究型大学、英国城市大学和美国赠地学院的兴起历史。古希腊的柏拉图主张教育为培养统治者服务,在中世纪,大学为培养牧师和相关职业人员服务,现代的德国研究型大学培养职业人员的职业素质服务,都有和职业教育密切相关的一面。我国高等教育发展中,要注意自由教育和职业教育的平等,处理好两者对和融合的关系,谨慎应对不同课程与职业目标之间的关系。

Barnett believed that the development of Western higher education is the evolution of liberal education. However, he ignored the history of German research universities, British city universities and American land-grant colleges. Plato of ancient Greece advocated that education is to train rulers. In the Middle Ages, universities were used to train priests and related professionals, and modern German research universities were used to cultivate the professional qualities of students. Both of the, were closely related to vocational education. Based on these references, higher education in China should pay attention to the equality of liberal education and vocational education, handle the integration of the two and be cautious about the relationship between different courses and career goals.