我国新冠肺炎疫情防控策略研究——基于政策文本的分析

Research on COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control Strategy:Based on Policy Text Analysis

通过对新冠肺炎疫情发生后,中国在极短决策窗口期内密集出台的大量政策进行梳理研究,为常态化的制度安排提供参考依据。面对突发重大疫情,从公共卫生这一维度关注国家是否干预、干预的类型和强度,通过搜集整理形成国家级“新冠肺炎疫情防控政策”数据库,将国家干预政策分为三个阶段,采用统计描述、词频分析、语义网络分析方法对政策的外部特征及文本内容进行了挖掘。中国疫情防控政策体现了坚持以人民的生命安全和健康第一位的价值取向,依靠基层群防群治,联防联控,尊重科学,崇尚科学,积极发挥诊疗方案的指导作用。应当对疫情防控有效政策的因果机制予以必要的关切,未来应当坚持和加强党对健康中国建设的领导,及时将有效的应急策略转换为制度安排,健全和优化“平战结合”的体制机制,提升政策的变现能力。

By a large number of policies issued by China in a very short decision-making window after the COVID-19 outbreak were reviewed and studied,to provide a reference for the normalized institutional arrangements.From the perspective of public health,we should pay attention to whether the state intervenes,the type and intensity of intervention in the event of a major outbreak.A national COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy database was formed through collection and sorting,and the national intervention policies were divided into three stages.The external characteristics and text content of the policies were excavated by using the statistical description,word frequency analysis and semantic network analysis method.China’s epidemic prevention and control policy embodies the value orientation of putting people’s life safety and health first,relying on grassroots mass prevention and treatment,joint prevention and control,respecting science,advocating science,and actively playing the guiding role of diagnosis and treatment program.We should pay attention to the causal mechanism of effective policies for epidemic prevention and control.In the future,we should adhere to and strengthen the leadership of the Party in building a healthy China,timely transform effective emergency strategies into institutional arrangements,improve and optimize the system mechanism combining peacetime and wartime,and enhance the ability of policy realization.