我国教育评价体系建设的进展、挑战及路径选择

Education Evaluation System Construction in China:Progress,Challenges and Methods

建设教育评价体系是教育评价改革的总目标,是推进我国高质量教育体系建设的重要内容。教育评价体系可细分为目标体系、层次体系、类型体系、制度(政策)体系和理论(技术)体系,是“一体五翼”式的复杂系统。从全球实践来看,完全意义的教育评价体系形成于第二次世界大战以后。党的十八大以来,我国教育人事制度、考试招生制度、教育质量监测与评估、教育督导等改革取得重要进展,已经初步形成多层次、全方位、广覆盖的教育评价体系。对标教育评价改革新目标、新部署、新任务,教育评价体系建设仍存在突出短板:目标体系有待系统化和明晰化、层级体系需突出均衡性和结构性、类型体系需提高整体性和协调性、理论(技术)体系需体现创造性和生长性、制度(政策)体系需增强时代性和耦合性。在各级各类教育基本普及、全民终身学习渐成现实、智能社会日新月异的新时代,教育评价体系建设亟需在中小学评价、考试招生制度、教育督导、数据密集型评价新范式等重点领域持续发力。

The construction of educational evaluation system is the fundamental goal of educational evaluation reform.It is also important for promoting China’s educational modernization.Educational evaluation system can be subdivided into target system,hierarchy system,typological system,institutional system and theoretical system,making a complex system of“one unity with five wings.”Globally,educational evaluation system came into being in its full meaning after the Second World War.Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,great progress has been made in the reform of the education personnel system,the examination and enrollment system,the education quality monitoring and evaluation,and education supervision.A multi-level,all-around and wide-ranging education evaluation system has taken shape.There are still outstanding shortcomings in our systems comparing with the benchmark set in the new goals,new deployments and new tasks of the education evaluation reform:the target system needs to be systematized and clarified,the hierarchy system needs to highlight balance and structure,the typological system needs to improve integrity and coordination,the theoretical system needs to reflect creativity and growth,and the institutional system needs to keep up with time and enhance coupling.In the new era when universal education of various types and at different levels and life-long learning for all is becoming a reality,and the intelligent society is changing with each passing day,more and continuous effort need to be made in the construction of education evaluation system in key areas such as primary and secondary school evaluation,examination and enrollment system,education supervision,and new data-intensive evaluation paradigm.