什么是好的教育评估——对我国高校教育教学评估的理性审视

What Is Good Educational Evaluation?—Rational Examination of Quality Evaluation of Undergraduate Education in China

教育评估事关教育事业发展的方向,有什么样的评估指挥棒,就有什么样的办学导向。因此,“好的教育评估”成为审视高等教育评估实践的价值尺度,从目的和手段两方面的合理性对什么是“好的教育评估”进行价值判断是我们所应秉持的基本准则。一种“好的教育评估”在评估目的和定位上应超越监管和问责,遵循教育发展的基本规律,激发被评价者的主动性和发展性,助推质量文化,从而走向自主性与质量建设;评估主体应超越权力与利益冲突,走向开放与透明,承认不同评估活动的价值,构建彼此尊重和信任的关系,建立开放、包容、透明、有效的评估体系和质量发布制度是高校质量文化建设的基本责任和义务;评估手段应超越技术主义,走向理解与交流,因为教育评估既有其科学性也有其局限性。教育评估不是为了排名和比较,关注教育的本真追求、服务人的发展、服务教育事业的发展是教育评估的根本目标。中国高校教育教学评估经过多年实践,在评估的价值导向、评估理念、评估的方法和手段等方面都有了很大的改进,但在开展道德评价、促进学生发展、加强质量文化建设等方面依然需要加强研究;在教育评估理论研究、教育评估标准化建设、教育评估数据库及信息化建设、教育评估伦理研究等方面依然任重道远。

Educational evaluation plays a key role on the direction of educational development.What is“good educational evaluation”is the value basis of examining higher education evaluation practice.Good educational evaluation should go beyond supervision and accountability,follow the basic laws of education development,stimulate the initiative and development of the evaluated,and promote quality culture,so as to move towards autonomy and quality improvement.The main bodies of evaluation should go beyond the conflicts of power and interests,move towards openness and transparency,recognize the value of different evaluation activities,build a relationship of mutual respect and trust,and establish an open,inclusive,transparent and effective evaluation system and promulgation system for quality information,which are the basic responsibilities and obligations in the construction of quality culture in universities.Evaluation means should go beyond technicism and move towards understanding and communication,because education evaluation has its scientific nature and limitations.The ultimate goal of educational evaluation is to serve the development of students and education rather than to rank and compare.After years of practice,China’s Quality Evaluation of Undergraduate Education has made great improvements in value orientation,evaluation concept,evaluation methods and means,but it still needs to strengthen research in moral evaluation,student development and quality culture.There is still a long way to go in the research of educational evaluation theory,standardization,database and information construction,and ethical research.