老年人意定监护中预先医疗指示的执行对策

Implementation of Pre-medical Instruction in Voluntary Care for the Elderly

当老龄行为人在依据自己的意愿进行意定监护后,如何保障自己的真实意愿,尤其是当其丧失表达能力后如何行使医疗行为的决定权,这是亟待解决的问题。引入预先医疗指示制度能够有效保障受意定监护的老年人即便是在丧失了医疗决定能力的情况下,仍然可以按照自己之前已经制定好的医疗意愿做出医疗决定。依据意定监护的协议方式,结合近几年医疗案例和法治建设进程,倘若将预先医疗指示与公正部门人员、意定监护人及第三方监督人员相结合,则可以确认被监护老年人的真实决定权,并由意定监护人执行其决定,公正部门进行审核公正,第三方监督人员进行监督保障,这样才能更有效地保障老年人的医疗自主权和人生价值尊严。

How to protect and respect the real will of the aged,especially how to exercise the decision-making right of medical behavior when the aged are disabled,when the aged are under voluntary guardianship according to their own will,is an urgent problem to be solved.The introduction of a system of advance medical instructions can effectively guarantee that elderly persons under voluntary guardianship can make medical decisions in accordance with their prior medical wishes,even after they have lost the ability to make such decisions.In accordance with the form of agreement on voluntary guardianship,and in the light of the medical and legal developments in recent years,if advance medical instructions are combined with personnel of impartial departments,voluntary guardianship and third-party supervisors,can confirm the guardianship of the elderly real decision-making power,and by the intended Guardian to implement its decision,impartial departments to audit justice,third-party supervisors to monitor the protection,in this way,the medical autonomy and the dignity of life value of the elderly can be more effectively guaranteed.