基于农艺性状的大豆种质资源多样性分析及评价

Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Resources Based on Agronomic Traits

以30个不同来源的大豆种质资源为试验材料,对株高、株质量、单株粒质量、百粒质量等17个主要农艺性状进行多样性、相关性及聚类分析,并通过隶属函数法对供试材料进行表型综合评价。结果表明,供试的30份大豆种质资源类型丰富,多样性程度较高;结荚数量、每荚粒数和粒质量等一些重要的大豆产量构成指标变异程度较高,并且与产量呈极显著正相关;除四粒荚数外,其余各性状的Shannon's多样性指数均大于1.00;通过聚类分析将供试材料分为三大类群,其中,第Ⅰ类群包括晋豆39和中作966这2个品种,平均隶属值大于0.8,综合农艺性状表现最好。研究结果可为区域性大豆生产中亲本选配及品种更新和选育提供一定的理论依据。

In this study,30 kinds of soybean germplasm resources were used as experimental materials,and 17 agronomic traits including plant height,plant quality,seed quality per plant and 100-seed quality were analyzed by diversity analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis,and phenotypic comprehensive evaluation of all the materials was conducted by subordinate function method.The results indicated that the 30 kinds of soybean germplasm resources were of rich types and rich genetic diversity.Some important indicator of soybean yield,such as pod number,seed number and seed quality,had a higher degree of variation and significant positive correlation with yield.The Shannon's diversity index was greater than 1.00 for all traits except for the number of four seed-pods.All the materials were divided into three groups by cluster analysis.GroupⅠincluded two varieties,Jindou 39 and Zhongzuo 966,which showed the best performance of comprehensive agronomic traits,and the average subordinate value was more than 0.8.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the parents selection,and variety renewal and breeding in regional soybean production.