新版俄罗斯北极政策:变化、原因及特点

Russian New Arctic Strategy:Changes, Reasons, and Features

新版俄北极政策在威胁和挑战评估、能源开发、交通基础设施建设以及社会人文等方面发生变化。这些变化主要源于以下因素:北极气候加剧变暖、国际能源格局的变化、西方经济制裁、俄美大国竞争的加剧和北极开发进程的推进。受上述因素的影响,新版俄北极政策呈现出本地化、多元化、统一性和战略针对性等特点。这些政策释放出重要信号,对中国推动“冰上丝绸之路”和“北极人类命运共同体”建设有重要启示,值得我们关注。

Compared with Russian old Arctic strategy,the new version mainly changes in threat and challenge assessments,energy development,transport infrastructure,and social-cultural aspects.These changes are mainly due to the following factors:the negative consequences of climate warming in recent years;the change of international energy pattern;western economic sanctions;fierce competition between Russia and USA;and the basic conditions created by the Russian Arctic development process itself.Influenced by the above factors,Russia’s new Arctic policy presents the characteristics of localization,diversification,unity and strategic pertinence.The new version of Russian Arctic strategy releases important signals,which have important implications for China to promote the construction of“Polar Silk Road”and“Arctic Community with a shared future for mankind”.