电信网络诈骗犯罪定性的实证研究——以某市147份刑事判决书为样本

An Empirical Study on the Characterization of the Crime of Telecom Network Fraud--A Sample of 147 Criminal Verdicts in a City

并非所有以电信网络诈骗形式出现的犯罪行为都应当定性为诈骗罪。对于电信网络诈骗案件的定性和处罚,司法实务中出现同案不同判的现象,原因在于司法机关未能准确把握该类案件的罪数形态,也忽略了共犯故意和既遂形态的认定标准,最为关键的是没有清晰地识别侵害法益和进行法益位阶的合理排序,最终导致案件的定性结论不一。针对现阶段电信网络诈骗犯罪定性存在的问题,应从侵害法益的识别、主观明知的推定、既遂标准的明确和罪数形态的把握等方面进行完善,以期对涉网型犯罪定性有所裨益。

Not all the criminal acts in the form of telecommunication network fraud should be characterized as fraud.As for the determination and punishment of telecom network fraud cases,the judicial practice shows the phenomenon of different judgments for the same case,because the judiciary can not accurately grasp the crime number and shape of such cases.It also neglects the cognizance standard of the intentional and accomplished form of accomplice,and the most important thing is that it does not clearly identify the infringement of legal interests and make a reasonable order of legal interests,which finally leads to different qualitative conclusions of cases.In view of the problems existing in the determination of the crime of telecom network fraud at present,we should perfect it from the aspects of the identification of infringement of legal interests,the presumption of subjective knowledge,the clarity of the accomplished standard and the assurance of the number of crimes,with a view to the network-related crime to help determine the nature.