光伏并网零能耗社区的奖惩成本设计

Design of a Reward-Penalty Cost for Promoting Net-Zero Energy PV Grid-Connected Community

由于促进零能耗建筑发展的约束机制和激励政策不够完善,且普通建筑用户对高昂的可再生能源系统成本望而却步,使得零能耗建筑的推广工作进展缓慢。为形成设计合理且能促进零能耗建筑发展的奖惩机制,帮助建筑用户选择最优的可再生能源系统设计,使其在该奖惩机制下获得最大的经济效益,在爱尔兰某社区随机选择了100栋住宅建筑,利用这100栋建筑的能耗数据为该社区设计奖惩函数,分析不同可再生能源系统容量下建筑成本与零能耗等级之间的关系,并对不同上网电价政策下所提出的奖惩机制对建筑成本的调节作用进行研究。结果表明,零能耗等级越低的建筑总成本反而更高,选择更高零能耗等级的建筑用户可以获得可观的奖金,且不同上网电价下的成本变化曲线均符合预期,上网电价的不同对奖惩函数的影响较小。

Due to the imperfection of the constraint mechanism and incentive policies to develop zero-energy buildings,and building users are prohibitive of the high cost of renewable energy systems,the promotion of zero-energy buildings is progressing slowly.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to design a reward-penalty mechanism that is reasonable and can promote zero-energy buildings,and to help building users choose the best renewable energy system design so that they can obtain the maximum economic benefits under the reward-penalty mechanism.This paper randomly selected 100 residential buildings in Ireland to form a community,used the energy consumption data of these 100 buildings to design a reward-penalty function for the community,and then analyzed the relationship between building costs and zero energy consumption levels under different renewable energy system capacities.The adjustment effect of the proposed reward and punishment mechanism on construction costs under different feed-in tariff policies is expounded.The results show that the total cost of buildings with a lower zero energy consumption level is higher.Building users who choose a higher zero energy consumption level can obtain considerable bonuses,and the cost change curves under different on-grid electricity prices are in line with expectations.The impact of different on-grid electricity prices on reward and punishment functions is small.