从《金匮钩玄》解读朱丹溪治疗杂病的养阴思想

The Study of Danxi’s Thoughts of Nourishing Yin in Treating Miscellaneous Disease in“Jingui Gouxuan”

[目的]探析《金匮钩玄》一书中朱丹溪治疗杂病的养阴思想,为临床应用提供思路。[方法]通过研读丹溪《金匮钩玄》治疗杂病的内容,并对附录六篇大论进行重点分析,从"气属阳动作火论"和"血属阴难成易亏论"这两大论中分析气血失调和阴不足的关系,并对《金匮钩玄》中丹溪养阴方法进行归纳总结,最后探讨其临床价值。[结果]《金匮钩玄》书中"气属阳动作火论"和"血属阴难成易亏论"的气血阴阳论是对丹溪养阴思想的进一步完善;该书中丹溪治疗杂病的养阴思想主要体现在降火以滋阴、补阴血以润燥、健脾以养阴血、补血以生阴、补阳以生阴等五个方面;丹溪继承历代养阴观点并进行发展创新,对后世治疗杂病时应用养阴法有重要价值。[结论]《金匮钩玄》体现了丹溪养阴思想在杂病治疗中的具体应用,并丰富了丹溪的养阴学术思想,促进了中医养阴学的发展。

[Objective]To discuss ZHU Danxi's thoughts of nourishing Yin in treating miscellaneous disease from“Jingui Gouxuan”and to provide ideas for clinical application.[Methods]Through studying the contents of treating miscellaneous diseases in the book of“Jingui Gouxuan”,it mainly analyzes the“six theses”in the appendix at the end of the book and the relationship between the disorder of Qi-blood and Yin deficiency from the theses of“Qi belonging to Yang is easy to become fire”and“blood belonging to Yin is difficult to generate but easy to lose”.Then we summarize Danxi's nourishing Yin method.Finally,we discuss its clinical value.[Results]The theory of Qi,blood,Yin and Yang in the book of“Jingui Gouxuan”which“Qi belonging to Yang is easy to become fire”and“blood belonging to Yin is difficult to generate but easy to lose”is a further improvement of the Danxi's thoughts of nourishing Yin.In this book,Danxi's thoughts of nourishing Yin in treating miscellaneous diseases is mainly reflected in five aspects:Nourishing Yin by decreasing internal heat,replenishing Yin blood to moisten dryness,invigorating the spleen to nourish Yin blood,enriching blood to generate Yin,and replenishing Yang to generate Yin.Danxi inherited the viewpoints of nourishing Yin from physicians of previous dynasties and developed and innovated,which was of great value to the application of nourishing Yin method in the treatment of miscellaneous diseases for later generations.[Conclusion]“Jingui Gouxuan”reflects the specific application of Danxi's thoughts of nourishing Yin in treating miscellaneous diseases,and enriches Danxi's academic thoughts of nourishing Yin,which promotes the development of nourishing Yin theory in traditional Chinese medicine.