药食两用植物细胞外囊泡样纳米粒的制备和性能研究

Preparation and properties of extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles from medicinal and edible plants

从可食用植物中分离到的细胞外囊泡样纳米粒(extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles,EVNs)被证明具有多重活性,而药源性植物EVNs鲜有报道。本文选择药食两用的鲜姜黄、鲜百合、鲜黄精和鲜天麻,从其药用部位鲜榨汁液中分离到EVNs,并研究了EVNs的理化性质、抗氧化能力和细胞摄取行为。结果表明,不同来源EVNs的粒径分布在150~200 nm之间,多分散系数均小于0.2;不同EVNs均含有脂质、蛋白质和糖类成分,但含量不同;4种EVNs在4℃和-80℃条件下储存的稳定性不同,其中姜黄来源EVNs稳定性最佳;抗氧化实验证实,4种EVNs具有不同的抗氧化活性,破坏EVNs结构能明显降低其抗氧化能力;摄取实验表明,RAW264.7细胞对不同EVNs的摄取能力不同,破坏EVNs结构可影响EVNs的摄取,证明EVNs的活性和转运性质与其特定结构有关。

Extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles(EVNs)isolated from edible plants have been shown to have multiple activities,while EVNs from medicinal plants have rarely been reported.In this paper,medicinal parts of medicinal and edible homologous fresh Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(CLR),Lilii Bulbus(LB),Polygonati Rhizoma(PR),and Gastrodiae Rhizoma(GR)are used to squeeze juice to collect EVNs.The physical and chemical properties,antioxidant capacity,and cellular uptake behavior of EVNs are determined.The results show that the particle size of EVNs from different sources ranges from 150 nm to 200 nm,and the polydispersity index(PDI)values of four EVNs are less than 0.2.Different EVNs all contain lipids,proteins,and carbohydrates,but their contents are different.The stability of EVNs is different at 4℃and-80℃,amongwhich the CLR-derived EVNs aremost stable.Antioxidant experiments confirm that the four EVNs have different antioxidant activities while structural damage of EVNs leads to the reduced antioxidant capacity.Cellular uptake studies prove that four EVNs differ in the uptake capacity by RAW264.7 cells,which is associated with the structural interference of EVNs.The available evidence implies that the specific structure of EVNs may be necessary to their pharmacological activity and transport property.