六妹羊肚菌的化学成分

Chemical composition of Morchella sextelata(Pezizales,Ascomycota)

以六妹羊肚菌Morchella sextelata为研究对象,对其子实体的化学成分进行研究。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)进行子实体芳香物和亲脂性提取物的化学成分分析,同时对其亲脂性提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性进行了初步评价;采用正反相硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱分离方法进行化学成分的分离纯化,并通过核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)等技术鉴定化合物结构。从六妹羊肚菌子实体的芳香物中共鉴定出26个化合物,辛-1-烯-3-醇(32.53%)、(E)-辛-2-烯醛(25.15%)和苯乙醛(12.31%)为主要成分;从六妹羊肚菌子实体的亲脂性提取物中共鉴定出14个化合物,亚油酸(77.80%)为主要成分;六妹羊肚菌亲脂性提取物仅显示出中等强度的抗氧化活性。从六妹羊肚菌子实体中共分离鉴定出14个化合物,包括7个甾体类化合物,其中化合物1、2、4、7、11、13和14为首次从羊肚菌属中分离得到。本研究首次对六妹羊肚菌的小分子化学成分进行了分析,对羊肚菌活性物质的阐明及进一步开发利用具有重要意义。

The chemical composition of Morchella sextelata was investigated.Chemical profiles of aromas and lipophilic extracts of fruiting bodies were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS),along with bioactivity evaluation of lipophilic extracts.The chemical constituents of fruiting bodies were isolated and purified by modern chromatographic separation techniques,and their structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),mass spectrometry(MS),etc.Twenty-six compounds in total were identified from the aromas,and 1-octen-3-ol(32.53%),(E)-2-octenal(25.15%)and benzeneacetaldehyde(12.31%)were the main components.From the lipophilic extracts,14 compounds were identified with linoleic acid as the main compound(77.80%).Only moderate antioxidant activities were observed in lipophilic extract.From the fruiting bodies of M.sextelata,14 compounds were isolated and identified,including seven steroids,and compound 1,2,4,7,11,13 and 14 were isolated from the genus Morchella for the first time.This is the first report on the small molecular compounds of M.sextelata,and it will be meaningful in clarification of morel bioactive compounds and utilization of morels.