摘要
一“敕勒川,阴山下。天似穹庐,笼盖四野。天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊。”[1]据《北史·齐神武帝纪》记载,东魏武定四年(546年)“十一月庚子,舆疾班师……是时,西魏言神武中弩,神武闻之,乃勉坐见诸贵。使斛律金勅勒歌,神武自和之,哀感流涕”。斛律金,字阿六敦,朔州敕勒部人也,当时为齐神武时重臣,从攻玉壁。齐军失利后,“军还,高祖使金总督大众,从归晋阳”[1]。
The structure of the yurts used by the Xianbei people in their nomadic life can be seen from the tent components carried by the pottery camels discovered in the Northern dynasties tombs in Taiyuan,Shanxi,Ci County,Hebei,and Luoyang,Henan.The full picture of the dome-shaped yurts can be observed in the pottery tent models unearthed from the Northern Wei tombs at the Yanbei Normal University in Datong City,as well as the murals of Poduoluo’s parents’tomb of the first year of the Taiyan Era(435 CE)in Shaling Village,Datong City.Further studies showed that the horseshoe-shaped plane and dome roof of the Five Caves of Tanyao in the Yungang Grottoes could not be found in other grottoes built earlier than the Yungang in ancient India,Xinjiang,and the Hexi Corridor area.Thus,the Five Caves of Tanyao display a new schema created by Yungang’s constructors,expressing to enshrine the Buddha statues representing the emperors into the traditional dome-shaped nomadic residence of the Xianbei people.
出处
《文物》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期62-80,1,共20页
Cultural Relics
