基于核苷类物质建立川贝母药材真伪鉴别模型研究

Nucleosides-based identification model for Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus

采用高效液相色谱分析方法快速、准确地测定了50份川贝母及其易混品中10种核苷类成分的含量,结合聚类分析、主成分分析(PCA)、Fisher线性判别分析(LDA)等多元统计方法进行综合判别分析。结果表明,该文建立的高效液相色谱检测方法可将样本数据采集时间缩减至16 min内,在51000 mg·kg^(-1),其质量浓度与对应的峰面积成良好的线性关系(R^(2)>0.999),加样回收率为93.83%108.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.12%1.3%(n=5),方法定量限(LOQ)为0.984.13mg·kg^(-1)。基于核苷类物质含量特性进行聚类分析可以将川贝母类和非川贝母类样本分开聚集成簇,但单通过PCA方法的降维处理不能明确区分川贝母与非川贝母,采用Fisher LDA方法可实现川贝母真伪判别。该研究成功筛选到特征性物质标记,构建了判别函数方程模型,判别准确率达97.5%。开辟了川贝母真伪鉴别的全新视角,将多维指标转变为一维指标,化繁为简但不失准确性与科学性。这为进一步探索川贝母鉴定技术体系优化提供了科学依据,并为中药材质量控制技术研究提供了新的方向。

A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was established for the fast,and precise determination of ten nucleosides in Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and its counterfeits.Then multivariate statistical analyses,such as clustering analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),and Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis(LDA),were conducted to establish a discriminant function model for an integrated analysis.The results indicated that data acquisition time of a single sample was shortened within 16 min by the HPLC method.In the range of 5-1000 mg·kg^(-1),the mass concentrations of all nucleosides exhibited good linear relationships with the corresponding peak areas(R^(2)>0.999).The spiked recoveries were in the range of 93.83%-108.9%with RSDs of0.12%-1.3%(n=5).The limit of quantitation(LOQ)was 0.98-4.13 mg·kg^(-1).As revealed by the clustering analysis,Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and the counterfeits could be discriminated into two clusters based on the content of nucleosides.Fisher’s LDA could achieve this discrimination,while PCA dimension reduction failed.The accuracy of the discriminant function model established on the screened characteristic indicators reached 97.5%.The present study proposed a new identification method of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus with one-dimensional indicators,which is simple,accurate,and reliable.It can provide a scientific basis for further optimizing the identification techniques for Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and inspiration for quality control strategy development of Chinese medicinal materials.