“学生中心”:一种被给予的观念——基于高校师生的诉说

“Pseudo Student-Centeredness”:A Study Based on Interviews with Teachers and Students in Higher Education Institutions in China

现有关于“学生中心”在高校课堂中运用效果的研究,缺乏师生双方的主观感受来作为评判依据。对四所高校师生的访谈表明,高校教师对“学生中心”的认可源自其教学焦虑和求助心理;而大学生则因为“教师中心”被污名化而更对“学生中心”表现出一种盲目的认同。但是,“学生中心”并未真正带来教学质量的提升,反而让大学生们感到“什么也没有学到”;高校教师出于对“学生中心”的理念崇拜,鲜少因此而调整教学方案,从而导致大学生的“被中心”现象。“被中心”现象的产生,消解了“学生中心”所追求的学生主体地位。现有“学生中心”的教学方式主要依赖于通过大学生自主探究与讨论的经验来建构新知,但是,就高等教育而言,个体经验上升为系统的高深知识的难度太大,从而不免导致教学的失败。因此,需要认真反思“学生中心”理念在高等教育中的价值。

To evaluate the effectiveness of student-centered teaching in higher education institutions,it is quite necessary to get feedback from those involved.Based on interviews with students and teachers from four universities in China,we found that teachers often chose student-centeredness out of anxiety and helplessness,while students accepted it mostly due to the stigmatization of its counterpart,i.e.teacher-centeredness.However,this“pseudo student-centeredness”didn’t really help improve teaching quality.Teachers,though having an obsession with the idea of student-centeredness,didn’t adjust their teaching strategies,but just let students discuss or explore on their own.Undoubtedly this unsolicited or imposed student-centeredness will lead to ineffective teaching,as it is rather difficult for students to construct systematic and profound knowledge based on their own experiences or exploration.Therefore,it is necessary for us to have a better understanding of“student subjectivity”,as well as the significance and implications of student-centeredness for higher education.