石油化工火灾扑救力量编队与战术应用研究

Research on force dispatch and tactics application for fighting against oil and chemistry fire

石油化工是高危行业,具有有害有毒、易燃易爆、高压高温、链长面广以及连续作业等显著特点,在生产运输和安全管理中容易出现漏洞、盲点和设计缺陷,导致安全事故时有发生,其火灾事故处置也是世界性的消防难题。对于消防救援队伍来说,探索石油化工企业火灾事故的处置,能够有利于消防指战员预先掌握事故处置的主动权,极大地降低因石油化工事故而造成的危害。文章结合上海金士石油化工区域火灾特点,分析研究石油化工火灾扑救的力量编成和技战术应用,提出有区域特点的处置对策。

Oil and Chemistry sectors belong to high-risk industries, representing the features of toxic and harmful effects, flammable and combustible substances, high pressure and temperature, long chains and wide variety, continuous running and other aspects. Owing to all these issues, there might be many flaws and blind spots in their production, transportation, and management, as well as design deficiencies in these processes, which caused accidents from time to time. How to cope with the fire accidents occurred in these areas, it is a worldwide puzzle. For fire and rescue brigades, research on accidents’ disposal of oil and chemistry fires will help fire fighters acquiring the coping strategies in advance, and minimize the harmful impacts of these accidents. This paper analyzes the fire accident features of Jinshan Oil and Chemistry Zone in Shanghai, studies on the force dispatch and tactics applications by fire brigades, and issues solutions with regional characteristics.