“十三五”以来广西妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置状况及其公平性研究

Research on Status and Equity of Health Human Resource Allocation in Maternal and Child Health Care Institutions in Guangxi Province Since“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”

目的:研究“十三五”以来广西妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置状况及其公平性,为广西“十四五”卫生规划制定、优化广西妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置提供循证依据。方法:采用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和泰尔指数从人口、地理、经济3个维度评价2016-2018年广西妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置状况及其公平性。结果:2016-2018年,广西妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置公平性逐年改善,但卫生人员整体素质较低。2018年,在经济维度上洛伦兹曲线弯曲度最小,人口维度上弯曲度最大。2016-2018年,各项妇幼卫生人力资源基尼系数取值范围分别为:地理(0.1112-0.5199)、人口(0.0203-0.0663)、经济(0.0290-0.0537)。泰尔指数贡献率结果显示,人口维度上的差异主要来自组间,地理、经济维度上的差异主要来自组内。结论:地理和经济差异是影响广西妇幼卫生人力资源配置公平性的重要因素,偏远及贫困地区、少数民族人口聚居地妇幼卫生人力资源公平性较差,按地理面积配置的公平性较差。建议加强政府主导,对于贫困、偏远地区适当倾斜政策,促进全广西妇幼卫生人力资源的协同发展。

Objective:To analyze the status and equity of health human resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions in Guangxi province since“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”,and to provide references for formulating the health planning of“Fourteenth Five-Year Plan”and optimizing the allocation of health human resources in maternal and child health care institutions in Guangxi province.Methods:Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to evaluate the status and equity of health human resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions in Guangxi province from three dimensions of population,geography and economy from 2016 to 2018.Results:From 2016 to 2018,the equity of health human resource allocation in maternal and child health care institutions in Guangxi province was improved year by year,but the overall quality of health personnel was low.In 2018,the curvature of Lorenz curve from economy dimension was the smallest and the curvature of Lorenz curve from population dimension was the largest.From 2016 to 2018,the Gini coefficients of maternal and child health human resources according to the allocation of geography,population and economy were 0.1112-0.5199,0.0203-0.0663 and 0.0290-0.0537,respectively.The results of the contribution rate of Theil index showed the differences of population dimension were mainly between regions,and the differences of geography and economy dimension were mainly within regions.Conclusion:The differences of geography and economy are important factors influencing the equity of maternal and child health human resource allocation in Guangxi province.The equity of maternal and child health human resources in remote and poverty-stricken areas and dense areas of ethnic minorities is low.The equity of the allocation in terms of geographical area is low.It is suggested that the government guidance should be strengthened,and the relevant policies should appropriately incline to remote and poverty-stricken areas,thus promoting the coordinated development of maternal and child health human resources in Guangxi province.