儿科门诊就诊儿童血清脂溶性维生素状况分析

An Analysis of the Serum Levels of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Children from the Pediatric Outpatient Clinics

目的了解武汉某省级三甲医院儿科门诊就诊儿童的血清脂溶性维生素A、D、E状况。方法回顾分析2017年6月至2019年6月在武汉大学人民医院儿科门诊就诊并检测脂溶性维生素的2934例0~16岁儿童的血清维生素A、D、E水平。结果儿童维生素A、D、E不足或缺乏率分别为20.00%、21.06%、0.44%。>6岁组维生素A、D不足或缺乏率最高,其次是4~6岁组,不同年龄组间的各维生素水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。维生素D水平在7月份最高,1月份最低,夏季儿童维生素D不足或缺乏率最低,春季和夏季的维生素A不足或缺乏率高于秋季和冬季,冬季儿童维生素E水平低于其他季节(P均<0.001),不同季节的各年龄组间维生素水平存在差异。结论儿科门诊就诊儿童的维生素A、D不足或缺乏较为普遍,维生素E不足或缺乏少见,不同年龄、月份及季节儿童的脂溶性维生素水平存在差异,以维生素D最为显著。提倡3岁以上儿童合理补充维生素D、夏季适当补充维生素A,日常膳食均衡安排,以改善儿童脂溶性维生素营养状况。

Objective To understand the status of serum fat-soluble vitamins A,D,and E of children from the pediatric outpatient clinics of a provincial hospital in Wuhan area.Methods A retrospective analysis of the serum vitamin A,D and E levels of 2,934 children,aged 0 to 16 years,who attended the pediatric outpatient clinics of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University was conducted.We detected fat-soluble vitamins levels in among these children from June,2017 to June,2019.Results The insufficiency/deficiency rate of vitamin A,D and E were 20.00%,21.06%and 0.44%,respectively.The>6 years old group had the highest insufficiency/deficiency rates of vitamin A and D,followed by 4-6 years old group.The difference in vitamin levels among different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The vitamin D level was the highest in July and lowest in January.The insufficiency/deficiency rate of vitamin D in children in summer was the lowest.The insufficiency/deficiency rate of vitamin A in spring and summer were higher than that in autumn and winter.The vitamin E level in winter was lower than other seasons(all P<0.001).The vitamin levels among different age groups across different seasons were different.Conclusion The insufficiency/deficiency of vitamin A and D in children from the pediatric outpatient clinics is common,while the insufficiency/deficiency of vitamin E is rare.The levels of fat-soluble vitamins in children of different ages,in different months and seasons are different,in which vitamin D is the most significant.We should promote the reasonable supplement of vitamin D for children over 3 years old,also take appropriate supplement of vitamin A in summer,and keep balanced daily diet to improve the nutritional status of children’s fat-soluble vitamins.