不同播期对格尔木藜麦生育期及产量的影响分析

Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Growth Period and Yield of Quinoa in Geermu

格尔木属典型的高原大陆性气候,以干旱为主要特点。积温较多、热量条件较好,藜麦种植灌区属于高地气候区,藜麦属中熟灌溉类型。本研究通过在格尔木农业区对藜麦自4月10日开始每隔10d进行分期播种,共播种3期,对分期播种的藜麦进行生育期观测和产量测定,经过各生育期和气象条件的相关分析,得出藜麦生长的前期对温度敏感性差,在四叶-分枝-显穗生育期对温度条件敏感,过高或过低的日均温度能够影响藜麦的分枝和孕穗。16.0℃左右日均气温最适宜藜麦麦穗形成和开花,17.0℃左右日均气温最适宜藜麦成熟期生长。第二期播种藜麦各生育期气象条件适宜,株高平均在2m左右、茎杆生长粗壮、千粒重产量高,藜麦种植最适宜播期在4月中旬左右。

Geermu is a typical highland continental climate,characterized by drought.The accumulation temperature is more,the heat condition is good,the quinoa planting irrigation area belongs to the highland climate area,quinoa belongs to the medium-ripe irrigation type.In this study,quinoa was sown by stages every 10 days since April 10 in Geermu agricultural area,with a total of 3 stages,the development period and yield of quinoa sown by stages were observed and determinated,through the correlation analysis between the developmental stages and meteorological conditions,it is concluded that quinoa has a poor sensitivity to temperature at the early stage of growth and development,It is sensitive to temperature conditions during the development of four leaf-branching-spikelet,too high or too low daily average temperature can affect the branching and pregnancy of quinoa.The average daily temperature of about 16.0℃was the most suitable for panicle formation and flowering of quinoa,and the average daily temperature of about 17.0℃is most suitable for mature growth of quinoa.The meteorological conditions are suitable for the second stage of quinoa sowing,the average plant height is about 2 meters,the stem grows stout,and the 1000-grain weight yield is high.The best time for quinoa planting is around mid-April.