以“农民权益”为核心的农村政策演变的内在逻辑与启示

The Internal Logic and Implications of the Evolution of Rural Policy Centered on“Farmers’Rights and Interests”

学界对我国农村政策演进和推进乡村振兴战略的研究,大多以具体学科和领域切入,缺乏核心价值主线的内在逻辑分析。马克思主义经典作家对农民的地位和价值作出了充分肯定,形成了系统的农民利益观。对我国农村政策演变的内在逻辑进行深入的分析,发现“农民权益”是贯穿其始终的核心价值理念。这一价值理念不仅与马克思主义经典作家的思想一脉相承,而且对当前全面推进乡村振兴过程中解决农民的权益诉求有着重要的启示。目前,农民仍存在土地权益短板、经济权益短板以及自主选择权益短板等问题。为此,一是需要始终坚持党的领导,充分发挥基层党组织在盘活经济和了解农民诉求中的作用,提升多维治理能力;二是需要探索增加农民土地财产权益的制度安排与政策措施;三是需要增加对农民工群体的就业支持和职业技能培训,增强农民自主选择权益;四是有效实施《中华人民共和国乡村振兴促进法》(以下简称《乡村振兴法》),切实保障农民权益,促进农民全面发展。

Most of the academic studies on the evolution of China’s rural policies and the promotion of rural revitalization strategies cut through specific disciplines and fields,lacking the inner logic analysis of the core value mainline.Classic Marxist writers have fully affirmed the status and values of farmers and formed a systematic farmers’interests view.Through an in-depth analysis of the internal evolution logic of China’s rural policy,we can discover that“farmers’rights and interests”is the core value that runs through it.This value principle is not only in line with the ideas of classic Marxist writers,but also has important enlightenment in the current process of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization for addressing farmers’demands for rights and interests.At present,farmers still have problems of rights and interests on land,economic and autonomous selection.Thus,firstly,we must adhere to the leadership of CPC and make the most of the grassroots Party organization in revitalizing the economy and understanding farmers’demands,enhancing multi-dimensional governance capabilities;second,we need to explore institutional arrangements and policy measures to increase farmers’land property rights;third,we need to increase employment support and vocational skills training for migrant worker groups and enhance farmers’rights and interests in independent choice;fourth,we need to effectively protect farmers’rights and interests with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Revitalization of rural areas,promoting farmers’comprehensive development.