老年慢性病患者健康素养与健康相关生命质量的相关性研究

Research on the correlation between health literacy and health related quality of life in elderly patients with chronic diseases

[目的]了解老年慢性病患者健康素养、健康相关生命质量的现状水平,探究健康素养与健康相关生命质量之间的相关性。[方法]采用分层随机抽样的方式抽取调查对象,在实证研究的基础上分析老年慢性病患者健康素养与健康相关生命质量的现状水平,基于Spearman相关系数和Tobit回归模型探究健康素养与健康相关生命质量之间的相关性。[结果]调查的老年慢性病患者健康效用值四分位数为0.870[0.780,0.870];生命质量5个维度存在问题的比例分别为16.67%、12.08%、20.34%、70.34%、35.78%;老年慢性病患者健康素养3个维度与生命质量5个维度之间存在相关关系,且在0.01水平上显著相关;Tobit回归结果显示,知识性健康素养、信念性健康素养、行为性健康素养是老年慢性病患者健康相关生命质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]老年慢性病患者健康素养与健康相关生命质量存在相关关系,提升老年慢性病患者健康素养有利于其健康相关生命质量的提高。应采取针对性慢性病的治疗和护理工作并关注老年慢性病群体的心理健康问题;以家庭医生为主导开展健康教育活动;完善健康促进政策的顶层设计,拓宽健康知识的传播途径。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy and health-related quality of life in elderly patients with chronic diseases so as to explore the correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life.Methods In this study,stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select the survey objects.On the basis of empirical research,the status quo of health literacy and health-related quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases was analyzed.Based on Spearman correlation coefficient and Tobit regression model,the correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life was explored.Results The quartile of health utility value of elderly patients with chronic diseases was 0.870[0.780,0.870],and the proportion of problems in the five dimensions of quality of life were 16.67%,12.08%,20.34%,70.34%and 35.78%,respectively;there was a correlation between the three dimensions of health literacy and the five dimensions of quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases,and the correlation was significant at the level of 0.01;Tobit regression results showed that knowledge-based health literacy,belief health literacy and behavioral health literacy were the influencing factors of health-related quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusions It exists correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life in elderly patients with chronic diseases.Improving health literacy of elderly patients with chronic diseases is conducive to the improvement of their health-related quality of life;The pertinence treatment and nursing work of chronic diseases for the elderly should be taken and the mental health problems of the elderly chronic disease groups should be paid attention to;Health education activities should be carried out with family doctors as the leading role;Top-level design of health promotion policies should be improved;The transmission channels of health knowledge should be broadened.