成都市农村学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the status of iron-deficiency anemia in preschool-age left-behind children in rural Chengdu and analysis of its influencing factors

[目的]调查成都市农村学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血现状,并分析其影响因素。[方法]对成都市新津县、郫县及简阳市的483例学龄前留守儿童及其主要监护人进行现场问卷调查,根据有无缺铁性贫血将调查对象分为2组,采用多因素Logistic回归分析判断各因素对缺铁性贫血的影响。[结果]483例学龄前留守儿童中共有41例(8.49%)被确诊为缺铁性贫血。留守儿童年龄增加(OR=0.636,95%CI=0.436~0.929)、家庭人均月收入增加(OR=0.671,95%CI=0.467~0.964)、主要照顾者文化程度为大专及以上(OR=0.686,95%CI=0.498~0.944)为成都市农村学年龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血的保护性因素,主要照顾者年龄增加(OR=1.456,95%CI=1.034~2.052)、挑食(OR=1.520,95%CI=1.037~2.228)、近6个月内有腹泻(OR=1.446,95%CI=1.030~2.030)、肉类摄入频率每周2次以下(OR=1.517,95%CI=1.044~2.206)、动物内脏摄入频率每周2次以下(OR=1.486,95%CI=1.012~2.182)为危险因素(P<0.05)。[结论]成都市农村学年龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血发生率较高,其发生主要与留守儿童年龄、家庭人均月收入、主要照顾者年龄等多方面因素有关,临床上可根据上述因素进行针对性干预以降低农村学龄前留守儿童缺铁性贫血的发生率。

Objective To investigate current status of iron-deficiency anemia in preschool-age left-behind children in rural Chengdu,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods 483 preschool-age left-behind children and their main guardians from Xinjin county,Pi county and Jianyang of Chengdu were conducted to site questionnaire survey,and the survey subjects were divided into 2 groups according to whether iron-deficiency anemia.It judged the influence of factors to iron-deficiency anemia by multi-factors logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 41(8.49%)of the 483 pre-school left-behind children in this survey were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia.Age increase of left-behind children(OR=0.636,95%CI=0.436~0.929),increase of family per capita monthly income(OR=0.671,95%CI=0.467~0.964)and the education level of main caregivers was junior college or above were the protective factors of iron deficiency anemia of preschool-age left-behind children in rural areas of Chengdu city(OR=0.686,95%CI=0.498~0.944).Age increase of main caregivers(OR=1.456,95%CI=1.034~2.052),picky eater(OR=1.520,95%CI=1.037~2.228),diarrhea in recent 6 months(OR=1.446,95%CI=1.030~2.030),frequency of meat intake less than twice a week(OR=1.517,95%CI=1.044~2.206)and frequency of animal innards intake less than twice a week(OR=1.486,95%CI=1.012~2.182)were risk factors(P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of iron-deficiency anemia in preschool-age left-behind children in rural of Chengdu is high,which is mainly related to the age of left-behind children,family per capita monthly income,age of main caregivers and other factors.Targeted intervention can be carried out according to the above factors to reduce the incidence of iron-deficiency anemia in rural preschool-age left behind children.