高空巡航阶段的飞机尾涡流场演化特性研究

Evolutionary characteristics of aircraft wake vortices in the upper airspace

为研究飞机尾涡在高空巡航阶段的形成及消散特性,基于飞机尾涡流场快速仿真计算模型计算了不同飞行高度处尾涡的初始强度以及尾涡的危险区域,并分析了高空尾涡消散规律;然后计算不同飞机重量、大气湍流度、大气层结稳定性以及前机飞行速度下的高空尾涡危险区域,并对高空尾涡危险区域的影响因素进行分析。结果表明,与中低空相比,高空尾涡的初始强度大、消散速率快,尾涡危险区域的纵向范围在减小,但垂直范围有所增加,飞机参数和大气条件的改变可以减小尾涡影响范围。研究结果对高空尾流垂直间隔缩减研究具有实际参考价值。

To study the formation,evolution,and decay of aircraft wake vortices in the high-altitude en-route phase,the initial strengths and hazard areas of wake vortices at different flight altitudes are obtained by a fast calculation model of wake vortex.The dissipation law of wake vortices at high altitudes is also analyzed.These data can help to reveal the regulation of wake vortices,and can provide basic foundation for studying the evolutionary characteristics of aircraft wake vortices in the upper airspace.Then,the hazard areas of high-altitude wake vortices are calculated under the condition of different aircraft weights and flight speeds,atmospheric turbulence intensities,and atmospheric stratification stabilities.Results show that,compared with those in medium-and low-altitudes,wake vortices in high-altitudes have larger initial strengths and dissipation rates,and the resulting hazard areas have larger lateral dimensions but smaller vertical dimensions.The influence of the wake vortex can be reduced by properly changing the aircraft parameters and atmospheric conditions.These results will hopefully shed some lights on the vertical interval reduction of high-altitude wake vortex.