嘉兴地区宫颈门诊患者对HPV疫苗认知的调查研究

Investigation on cognition of HPV vaccine among cervical outpatients in Jiaxing

目的了解嘉兴地区宫颈门诊患者对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗的认知状况,分析相关影响因素。方法在2019年7月至2020年2月嘉兴地区宫颈门诊选取符合条件的患者,采用自行设计的问卷,共发放2037份,收到有效问卷2006份。问卷内容主要包括患者的一般情况、对HPV的认知及对HPV疫苗的认知和态度。结果在宫颈门诊患者中70.0%接受过HPV筛查,HPV疫苗的知晓率为41.1%;不同年龄、居住地、家庭年收入、教育水平、职业、首次性行为年龄、医保情况、是否检测过HPV的女性对HPV疫苗认知不同,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),居住地、教育水平是HPV认知的影响因素(P<0.001),49.3%的调查对象愿意接种HPV疫苗,HPV疫苗接种意愿与调查对象的年龄、居住地和受教育程度相关。结论嘉兴地区宫颈门诊患者对HPV疫苗认知度较低,接种意愿也偏低。权威机构应加强HPV疫苗相关知识的宣教及预防宫颈癌相关知识的宣传。

Objective To investigate the cognition of HPV vaccine among cervical outpatients in Jiaxing,analyze the related factors.Methods From July 2019 to February 2020,qualified patients were selected and surveyed by using self-designed questionnaires from cervical clinics in Jiaxing.2,037 questionnaires were distributed and 2,006 valid questionnaires were received.The contents of the questionnaire mainly included the general information of the patients,the cognition of HPV and HPV vaccine.Results 70.0%of the patients had received HPV screening,and the awareness rate of HPV vaccine was 41.1%;women with different age,residence,annual family income,education level,occupation,first sexual age,medical insurance and HPV test had different cognition of HPV vaccine,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Residence and education level were the influencing factors of HPV cognition(P<0.001).49.3%respondents were willing to be vaccinated against HPV,which was related to age,place of residence and education level of respondents.Conclusions The awareness of HPV vaccine among cervical outpatients in Jiaxing is low,and the willingness to be vaccinated is also low.Authorities should strengthen the knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer prevention.