我国西北地区36万成人心血管病高危风险的特征

Characteristics of high cardiovascular risk in 360000 adults in Northwest China

目的评价西北地区成人中心血管病高危人群流行特征和治疗情况,识别与心血管病高危风险相关的个体特征。方法本文基于心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目,选取2016-2019年我国西北地区5省及新疆生产建设兵团的39个县(区),年龄在35~75岁的常住居民的研究数据,描述调查人群心血管病高危人群的比例和个体特征,以及心血管病高危人群中他汀类药物和阿司匹林的使用情况。采用多变量混合模型评估个体特征与心血管病高危风险之间的相关性。结果364537名调查对象中,平均年龄为(54.6±9.7)岁,心血管病高危人群比例为5.8%。多变量混合模型显示,饮酒、超重或肥胖的人群患心血管病高危的风险较高,而高学历、高家庭收入、已婚者的人群则较低(P<0.05)。在心血管病高危人群中,高血压是最常见的危险因素(占98.1%),他汀类药物和阿司匹林的服用比例分别为1.3%和3.5%。结论在我国西北地区36万成年人中,每17人中就有1人有心血管病高危风险,而心血管病高危风险人群中服用他汀类药物或阿司匹林的比例不足4%,仍有较大的改善空间。

Objective To assess the prevalence and treatment of high cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk,and identify individual characteristics related to high CVD risk.Methods Based on the data of the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events(PEACE)Million Persons Project(MPP)from 2016 to 2019,this study enrolled local residents aged 35 to 75 years from 39 counties or districts in Northwest China.Rates of high CVD risk and individual characteristics were assessed in the overall study population.Statin and aspirin use was also evaluated among those at high risk for CVD.Multivariable mixed models were fitted to evaluate the relationship between individual characteristics and high CVD risk.Results Among 364537 participants,the average age was(54.6±9.7)years,and 5.8%was at a high risk for CVD.Multivariate mixed models showed that individuals who were currently using alcohol,overweight or obese tended to have a high risk for CVD,while married persons,those with a higher education level or a higher household income were correlated with a lower risk for CVD(all P<0.05).Among high-risk persons,hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor(98.1%),and only 1.3%and 3.5%reported their use of statins and aspirin,respectively.Conclusion Of the 364537 participants,about 1 in 17 had a high risk for CVD.Among those at a high CVD risk,only less than 4%reported taking statins or aspirin.These findings indicate that there is still much room for risk mitigation in this population in China.