基于知识建构的小学生设计思维培养路径研究

Research on the Training Path of Primary School Students' Design Thinking Based on Knowledge Construction

知识建构教学理念的目标是培养学生的创新能力,而设计思维的培养有助于学生理解概念本质并建构概念之间的关系,从而达到对创新能力的培养。研究以知识建构观点深化的发展阶段为基础,结合小学生设计思维培养的特点,将小学生设计思维培养划分为启发、构想、实行三个环节和共情、定义问题、方案构想、制作原型、测试五个阶段,并提出了每个阶段实现深层知识建构的学习方法和工具,进而从教学环境、教师、教学策略、教学活动和教学评价五个方面提出了小学生设计思维培养的路径。

The theory of knowledge construction is a powerful attempt for innovative education,and the cultivation of students'design thinking is to help learners learn to understand concepts and to realize self-construction on the relationship between concepts,so as to form a logical and self-consistent wisdom product.A large number of previous research results show that design thinking plays an important role in the cultivation of students'problem-solving ability and innovation ability.Based on the deepening stage of knowledge construction,this paper divides the stages of primary school students'design thinking cultivation,and put forward the learning methods and tools to realize the deep knowledge construction in each stage.And finally we put forward the path of primary school students'design thinking cultivation such five dimensions as teaching environment,strategy,effect,teacher role and students'thinking.