地下采矿引起山体滑坡发展过程数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation of Landslide Development Process Caused by Underground Mining

为了研究地下采矿引起山体滑坡发展过程,以某金属矿山地下开采引起的山体滑坡为研究背景,模拟了井下矿体的开采过程,重现了山体变形滑坡,并由数值模拟结果预测了今后山体滑坡发展过程。结果表明:竖直方向和水平方向位移表明山体目前处于滑坡阶段,与矿山现场实际情况相符,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性;随着矿体开采水平向深部发展,竖直方向位移逐渐增大,在整个地表竖直方向位移发展过程中存在3个突变点;地表产生滑坡至地表塌陷过程有4个发展阶段,分别为岩层变形初期、地表出现滑坡、地表出现陷落孔洞和地表塌陷;采用充填体材料对开采后的采空区进行充填后,能有效控制上覆岩层变形,预防了岩层变形,进一步控制了地表滑坡的形成与发展。研究成果可为矿山安全生产提供参考。

In order to study the development process of landslide caused by underground mining,A landslide caused by underground mining in a metal mine was taken for research.A mining process of underground ore body was simulated to re-present the deformation and landslide of mountain body,and then the obtained numerical simulation results were taken to predict the development process of landslide in the future.Results show that,the mountain is at the stage of landslide based on the vertical and horizontal displacements,which is consistent with the actual situation of the mine,thus verifying the reliability of the obtained numerical simulation results;as the mining level of ore body is advanced deeper,the vertical displacement increases gradually,and abrupt deformation is prone to occur at three different levels in the development process of vertical displacement of surface ground;the surface ground will go through four stages in the process from landslide to collapse,including an initial stage of rock deformation,surface landslide,surface subsidence and surface collapse.It is shown that after the mined-out area is filled with backfill material,the deformation of overlying strata can be effectively controlled and the deformation of rock strata can be prevented,which can also further control the occurrence and development of surface landslide.This research results can provide reference for mine safety production.