“障碍”动词用法的弱势呈现和词典义项处理——纪念吕叔湘等《语法修辞讲话》70周年

The Weak Presentation of the Verb Usage of"障碍"and the Treatment of Lexical Meanings

通过对比“障碍”这个词在《现代汉语词典》和《现代汉语规范词典》的动词义项举例,发现“障碍”的动词用法不典型。检索国家语委现代汉语通用平衡语料库,发现“障碍”的动词词性的确存在于早期现代汉语书面语中,不过只占总数的2.8%的极小比例。可见,“障碍”的动词词性属于弱势呈现,基本上属于胎死腹中的用法,一直到现在也没有进入到语言生活中。建议现代汉语词典删除“障碍”的动词词性义项,或者对这个义项做特殊说明,提醒读者别按照动词义项使用。

by comparing the verb meaning examples of the word"障碍"in"Modern Chinese Dictionary"and"Modern Chinese Standard Dictionary",we found that the verb usage of“障碍”is not typical.By searching the universal balanced corpus of modern Chinese from the state language committee,we found that the verb part of“障碍”does exist in the early modern Chinese written language,but it only accounts for a very small proportion of 2.8%of the total.It can be seen that the verb part of“障碍”belongs to the weak presentation,which basically belongs to the stillborn usage and has not entered the language life until now.It is suggested that modern Chinese dictionaries should delete the verb meaning of“障碍”,or make a special explanation to this meaning,so as to remind readers not to use it according to the verb meaning.