新中国成立初期党的教育方针政策研究

The Research on the Educational Guidelines and Policies of the Communist Party of China in the Early Period of the People’s Republic of China

教育方针政策体现了一定时期国家教育的目标和方向,是教育事业开展的指南。新中国成立初期,党的教育方针政策经历了初步确立(1949—1952年)和成熟发展(1953—1957年)两个阶段。在文盲率较高、教育资源匮乏、高等教育人才稀缺等背景下,中国实现了由新民主主义向社会主义教育方针的过渡。新中国成立初期教育方针政策兼顾原则性、阶段性和时代性,准确把握了教育功能的定位和教育规律,坚持教育为人民服务的价值导向,对国家整个教育事业的运行和发展起到了重要的作用。

Educational guidelines and policies reflect the goals and directions of national education in a certain period of time and are the guiding documents for the development of education.In the early years of the People’s Public of China,the educational guidelines and policies of the Communist Party of China went through two stages of initial establishment(1949-1952)and mature development(1953-1957).Under the background of high illiteracy rate,poor educational resources and insufficient talents for higher education,China achieved the transition from new democratic educational guidelines to socialist educational guidelines.The educational policies in the early years of the People’s Republic of China balanced principles,processes and epochal characters,accurately grasped the positioning of the function of education and the laws of education,and insisted on the value orientation of education for the people,which played an important role in the operation and development of the whole education cause of the country.