明清书院教材的类型、建设逻辑及其特点

The Types,Logic and Characteristics of the Teaching Materials Construction of Academies in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期,在国家文教政策导向、学术研究勃兴、印刷技术革新以及私人著述日益丰富等因素影响下,书院教材朝着制度化、专业化、系统化方向发展,其类型大致可分为通用教材和特色教材。明清书院教材建设,主要以学术研究为基础,以儒家经典内容为主线,以培养“科举治术之才”为核心价值取向,强调“经世致用”,呈现出稳中有进、异彩纷呈、成果丰硕等特点。

The construction of teaching materials is related to the development of schools,the teaching of teachers and the learning of students.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,under the influence of the guidance of national cultural and educational policies,the vigorous development of academic research,the innovation of printing and publishing technology and the increasingly rich private works,the teaching materials of academies are developing in the direction of institutionalization,specialization and systematization,and they can be roughly divided into general teaching materials and featured teaching materials.The inner logic of the construction of teaching materials in academies of the Ming and Qing Dynasties was mainly based on the academic research,with the content of“Confucian classics”as the main line,to cultivate the talents of the imperial examination as the core value orientation,and also emphasizes“practical application”.The research showes that the teaching materials construction of academies in the Ming and Qing Dynasties developed steadily and colorfully and had achieved fruitful results.