跳远腾空能力的影响因素及训练初探

Preliminary Study on the Influence Factors and Training of Long Jump Flying Ability

急行跳远分为4个阶段,即助跑阶段、起跳阶段、腾空阶段和落地阶段。人们往往会忽略腾空阶段,而腾空能力的强与弱对急行跳远的成绩具有一定的影响。在日常生活中,走、跑、跳的各个方面均能够体现腾空能力的作用,如跑步时前脚踏出与后脚抬起具有短暂的滞空,小腿肌肉在此过程中具有维持身体落地时平衡的作用。从身体的各个角度来说,腾空能力是维持一切克服重力运动的基础。腾空能力的训练较为基础,主要是针对腿部肌肉的力量训练和爆发力的训练。该文将对影响跳远腾空能力的因素及训练进行初探。

T he long jump is divided into four stages,namely,the run-up stage,the take-off stage,the airborne stage and the landing stage.People tend to ignore the stage of flying,and the strength and weakness of flying ability has a certain influence on the effect of long jump.In daily life,all aspects of walking,running and jumping can reflect the role of airborne ability.For example,when running,the front foot is out and the rear foot is lifted with a short period of stagnation in the air,and the calf muscle in this process has the role of maintaining the balance of the body when landing.The ability to lift from all angles of the body is fundamental to maintaining all movements against the gravity.Aerial ability training is more basic,mainly for leg muscle strength training and explosive force training.This paper will make a preliminary study on the factors and training that affect the airborne ability of long jump.