基层疾控公共卫生人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素

Current situation and influencing factors of job burnout of disease control public health personnel

目的 探讨重庆市基层疾控公共卫生人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素,为其职业心理健康干预提供参考。方法 采用基本情况调查表和职业倦怠通用量表,抽取重庆市主城区9家区(县)级疾控职工进行问卷调查,经秩和检验和多元有序logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果 共发放问卷667份,收回有效问卷664份,问卷有效率为99.55%。检出职业倦怠329人(49.55%),其中轻度职业倦怠178人(26.81%),中度职业倦怠111人(16.72%),高度职业倦怠40人(6.02%)。月收入<3 000元和3 000~<5 000元的倦怠风险分别是≥8 000元的3.798、3.113倍(OR=3.798,95%CI 1.712~8.426;OR=3.113,95%CI 1.701~5.698);相比工作年限≥20年,<5、5~<10年和10~<20年的倦怠风险较低(OR=0.491,95%CI 0.276~0.875;OR=0.525,95%CI 0.305~0.904;OR=0.611,95%CI 0.389~0.961)。结论 重庆市基层疾控公共卫生人员的职业倦怠形势较为严峻,月收入和工作年限是其职业倦怠发生的影响因素。

Objective To explore the status of job burnout and its influencing factors among public health workers of grassroots Center for Disease Control and Prevention,and to provide references for the occupational mental health intervention.Methods The basic situation questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were used,the workers of 9 districts and counties level Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the main districts of Chongqing were selected for questionnaire survey.The status of job burnout and its influencing factors were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple ordered logistic regression.Results A total of 667 questionnaires were sent out,664 of which were valid,with an effective rate of 99.55%.A total of 329(49.55%)workers were detected with job burnout,of which 178(26.81%)were mild,111(16.72%)were moderate,and 40(6.02%)were high.The job burnout risk of monthly income<3000 yuan and 3000-<5000 yuan were 3.798 times and 3.113 times of≥8000 yuan group,respectively(OR=3.798,95%CI 1.712-8.426;OR=3.113,95%CI 1.701-5.698).Compared with≥20 years of work experience in disease control institutions,the risk of job burnout was lower for workers with<5 years,5-<10 years and 10-<20 years of work experience(OR=0.491,95%CI 0.276-0.875;OR=0.525,95%CI 0.305-0.904;OR=0.611,95%CI 0.389-0.961).Conclusions The situation of job burnout among public health workers of the grassroots Center for Disease Control and Prevention is severe.It is found that the monthly income and the working years are the influencing factors of job burnout.