超声波无损检测技术在古建筑检测中的应用——以少林寺初祖庵大殿阑额为例

APPLICATIONS OF ULTRASONIC NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING TECHNIQUE IN ANCIENT BUILDING TESTING: TAKE THE LINTELS OF THE MAIN HALL OF ANCESTOR’S MONASTERY OF THE SHAOLIN TEMPLE AS AN EXAMPLE

初祖庵作为登封"天地之中"历史建筑群的代表性建筑之一,有着重要的历史价值。初祖庵大殿作为初祖庵主殿,是庵内现存时代最早的一座木构建筑,迄今已有800多年历史,虽然经过屡次修葺,但目前依然存在大量问题。为了更好地了解初祖庵大殿现有阑额的残损情况,测量了初祖庵大殿不同位置的6条阑额,并得到其外观尺寸、含水率、挠度等参数,评价了阑额的安全状态;通过超声波无损探伤仪对初祖庵大殿4条阑额进行检测并初步分析,介绍了利用箱线图和计算公式选取异常点的分析方法,得出不同的残损点,计算了4条阑额的动弹性模量与残余弹性模量,将阑额的力学性能和声学性能结合判断,为后续古建勘察与修复提供依据。

Ancestor’s Monastery, as one of the representative buildings of "The Center of Heaven and Earth" in Dengfeng city, has an important historical value. As the main hall of Ancestor’s Monastery, it is the earliest wooden structure in the ancestor’s monastery. It has a history of more than 800 years. Although after repeated repairs, there are still a lot of problems. In order to understand the damage of the main hall of Ancestor’s Monastery, the number of lintels at six different positions in the main hall of Ancestor’s Monastery was measured, and the parameters, such as external sizes, moisture content, and deflections, were obtained to evaluate the safety state of the lintels. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing technique was applied on testing and preliminary analysis for four lintels in the main hall. The analysis method of selecting abnormal points by boxplot and calculation formula was introduced, and different damage points were obtained. The dynamic elastic modulus and residual elastic modulus of four lintels were calculated and the mechanical and acoustic properties of those lintels were combined to judge, providing a basis for the subsequent survey and repair of this kind of buildings.