规则与法律:美对华规锁背后的国际秩序之争

Rules and Laws:The Controversy of International Order Behind USA Confinement on China

美国的2021年《美国创新与竞争法》和中国的《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》,形式上是两部集中体现中美两国之间制衡与反制衡博弈的规范性法律文件,但实质上二法案分别反映了中美两国在应对外来挑战,参与国际关系和构建国际秩序上的两种不同的秩序观,即以规则为基础的秩序观和以国际法为基础的秩序观。拜登政府上任以来,不断宣扬捍卫“以规则为基础的国际秩序”,美国对华规锁的系统化、规则化转向已成愈来愈明晰的趋势。

The USA’s"American Innovation and Competition Act of 2021"and China’s"Anti-Foreign Sanctions Act of the People’s Republic of China"are two normative legal documents that collectively embody the game of checks and balances between China and the USA,but in essence,the two bills reflect the two different views of order between China and the USA in responding to external challenges,participating in international relations,and building international order,namely,the rule-based view of order and the international law-based view of order.Since the Biden administration took office,it has continuously promoted the defense of a"rules-based international order."The USA has become increasingly clear about the systematic and regularization of confinement on China.