改性泥炭对滨海盐渍土的改良作用研究

Remediating Coastal Saline Soil with Modified Peat

采用土培的方法,通过泥炭改性处理,研究不同泥炭对滨海盐渍土物理、化学、生物性质的影响,为滨海盐渍土快速改良提供理论依据。研究结果表明:碱改性泥炭的红外图谱特征与原始泥炭相似,但酸改性泥炭在1 710 cm^(-)1处具有明显的特征峰;扫描电镜下,碱改性泥炭颗粒突起最少,表明碱改性泥炭质地相对均一。碱改性泥炭能够显著降低土壤p H,增加土壤团聚体;而原始泥炭提升土壤有机质和增加碱解氮含量方面效果更加明显。碱改性泥炭和原始泥炭均能够提升土壤酶活性,但酸改性泥炭对土壤酶活性存在抑制作用。相关分析结果表明,土壤p H、有效磷、速效钾与过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和纤维素酶的活性具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本次试验中,碱改性泥炭对滨海盐渍土改良作用最佳,添加改性泥炭能更有效地消减滨海盐渍土盐、碱、瘦、板、活力差等障碍因子。

In order to clarify the remediation effect of different peats on coastal saline soil, indoor culture experiment was conducted with two kinds of modified peats. The alkali modified peat was close to the original peat in the infrared spectrum, while the acid modified peat produced a unique wave peak at 1 710 cm^(–1). The alkali modified peat particles had the least protuberance under scanning electron microscope, showing a more uniform texture. The alkali modified peat increased soil aggregates, while the original pea promoted the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen better than the modified peat. Alkali-modified peat reduced soil pH significantly, but acid-modified peat increased soil pH. Alkali modified peat enhanced the activities of soil catalase, sucrase and cellulase, while acid modified peat reduced soil enzyme activities and original peat had no obvious effect. Soil pH, available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly correlated with soil enzyme activities(P<0.05). In conclusion, alkali modified peat has the best remediating effect on costal saline soil in reducing salinity, alkali, soil hardening but promoting nutrition and vitality.