明代旅黔文人山地意象的文学人类学考察

Literary Anthropological Investigation of the Mountain Images of Literati Travelling in Guizhou in Ming Dynasty

贵州是典型的山区省份,具有独特的自然、人文景观。明代旅黔文人本着“边腹一体”的认知心态,以“考诸书,质诸人,验诸俗尚”的方式审视贵州的山地,留下了群山重冈、峰险箐深、山石溶洞、极寒阴雨、烧畬、梯田、依卫设州等大量山地意象。这些山地意象是旅黔文人亲历贵州后留下的贵州心象,隐含着对贵州这一地域的文化感知,也反映了域中外人第一次对贵州进行全面、深入、细致审视后的新看法。

Guizhou is a typical mountainous province with unique natural and cultural landscapes.In the Ming Dynasty,the literati travelling in Guizhou,based on the cognitive mentality ofthe frontiers and the Mainlandare one,examined the mountains of Guizhou in the way of testing books,proving people,and verifying the Folklore and fashions,leaving behind large number of Mountain Images about mountains,dangerous peaks,rock caves,extreme cold and rain,burning she and terraces,Zhou and Wei cities.These mountain Images are the mental images of Guizhou left by literati in Guizhou after they have personally experienced Guizhou,which not only imply their cultural perception of Guizhou as a region,but also reflect the new views of Guizhou after the first comprehensive,in-depth,and careful examination of Guizhou by people outside of Guizhou.