深水斜坡式防波堤人工垫层块体稳定性及反射系数研究

Study on stability and reflection coefficient of artificialFilter layer blocks of deep-water mound breakwaters

船舶大型化的趋势导致港口设施向深水发展。而对于深水防波堤,在较大设计波浪作用下,护面块体和垫层块石的重量往往超出现行技术规范的要求,针对大型天然块石垫层选料和施工困难,大量的开山选石损害自然环境等问题,本文总结了国内外人工块体的研究成果,阐明了人工块体垫层代替大型块石垫层的可行性,遴选了3种类型人工块体作为垫层,进行护面块体稳定性试验,经对比分析得出扭王字护面下带槽方块垫层的新结构,并确定其重量比值关系对护面稳定性的影响;对比传统垫层块石,给出遴选人工块体垫层的KD值、堤前反射系数经验公式及波浪爬高糙渗系数推荐值。通过物理模型试验证明了深水斜坡防波堤通过采用人工垫层块体代替大型天然垫层块石的方法是可行的,为港口工程技术规范的修订提供了参考。

The trend of large-scale ships has led to the development of port facilities in deep water.Under the action of large design wave,the large weight of armor block and underlayer rock often exceed the requirements of technical specifications.Engineering practice has proved that the difficulties of material selection and construction of more than 1000 kg block stone have been greatly improved,and a large number of rock selection for mountain-breaking have also caused serious damage to the natural environment.Based on the summary of domestic and foreign research on the artificial blocks,the feasibility of artificial blocks underlayer replacing large block stone is clarified.Then three types of artificial blocks are selected,and the stability test of the armor block units was carried out.Through comparative analysis,the new structure of the blocks was obtained,and the influence of the weight ratio on the stability of the armor block was determined.Finally compared with the traditional rocks underlayer,the recommended values of KD,reflection coefficient empirical formula and roughness coefficient of wave run-up for selected artificial blocks are given.This paper proves the feasibility of using artificial underlayer block instead of large stone in deep-water mound breakwater,which provides a reference for revision of port engineering technical code.