全国重点文物保护单位统计特征分析与研究

An Analysis of the Statistics on Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level

我国共有766722处不可移动文物,其中价值突出、真实完整而被核定为全国重点文物保护(国保)单位的有5058处。我国国保单位体系完整、内涵深厚、分布广泛,其中古建筑最多,共计2162处,占总数的42.7%,其后依次是古遗址、近现代重要史迹及代表性建筑、古墓葬、石窟寺及石刻等。各类型文物在时空分布上的特点总体反映了各区域独特的文化面貌。分析国保单位的统计特征,研究文物的空间分布特点,有利于把握文物保护利用规律,推进文物领域治理体系和治理能力现代化。

There are 766,722 immovable historical and cultural sites in China,and 5,058 of them are listed as Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level for their outstanding universal value,authenticity and integrity.These nationally protected sites have rich connotations and are widely distributed in the country,forming a complete system of heritage.Among them,ancient architecture takes the biggest portion of 42.7%,totaling 2,162,which is followed by ancient cultural sites,important modern cultural sites and representative buildings,ancient tombs,ancient cave temples and ancient stone carvings.The temporal and geographical distribution of each type generally reflect the cultural features of the region that the site is located.Analyzing the statistical features of these sites and examining their temporal and geographical distribution characteristics help to figure out the ways of cultural relics protection and utilization and promote the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity in the field of cultural relics.