2013~2020年金华地区无偿献血人群HIV感染情况分析

Analysis of HIV infection among voluntary blood donors in Jinhua,2013~2020

目的通过对金华地区无偿献血者HIV抗体检测和确证结果的分析,了解HIV在献血人群的感染情况,为临床用血提供安全保障。方法对2013~2020年金华市中心血站419823例无偿献血标本进行HIV初复试检测,对单试剂阳性的标本进行双孔复试,将双试剂阳性和单试剂复试阳性的标本送至疾控中心进行确证试验,回顾性分析无偿献血者HIV感染情况及流行病学特征。结果419823例无偿献血检测标本,HIV初筛阳性335例,确证阳性48例,确证阳性率0.11‰(48/419823),其中金华户籍31例,外地户籍17例;男性46例,女性2例;35~45周岁组占比28.23%;自由职业者占43.61%;合并感染占4.16%。不同性别阳性率(男性0.18‰、女性0.01‰)比较有差异(P<0.05);不同户籍阳性率(金华户籍0.10‰、外地户籍0.14‰)比较无差异(P>0.05);不同年龄组别阳性率(18~24周岁组0.17‰、25~34周岁组0.07‰、35~44周岁组0.18‰、45~54周岁组0.01‰、55~59周岁组0.20‰)比较有差异(P<0.05),不同职业阳性率(学生0.09‰、工人0.24‰、农民0.11‰、公务员0.03‰、医务人员0.09‰、职员0.11‰、自由职业者0.13‰)比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论金华地区无偿献血人群HIV抗体检测阳性率较其他地区低。血站应继续开展好血液的酶免和核酸检测工作,加大艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育,保障临床用血的安全有效。

Objective To investigate the HIV infection among voluntary blood donors in Jinhua area through the analysis of HIV antibody detection and confirmation results,so as to guarantee the safety of clinical blood use.Methods 419823 samples of voluntary blood donors in Jinhua Central Blood Station from 2013 to 2020 were detedcted for HIV twice.Samples reactive with one assay were double-well retested.Samples initially reactive with two assays or positive with one retest assay were subjected to the CDC for confirmatory test.The HIV antibody infection and epidemiological characteristics of voluntary blood donors were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 419823 samples of blood donors were dectected,among which 335 were reactive for HIV screening,48 confirmed positive,with the positive rate at 0.11‰(48/419823),of which 31 were registered residence in Jinhua and 17 in other places;46 males and 2 females;35~45 years old accounted for 28.23%;freelancers 43.61%;coinfection 4.16%.The positive rates differed significantly by gender(male 0.18‰vs female 0.01‰,P<0.05),age groups(‰)(0.17 vs 0.07 vs 0.18 vs 0.01 vs 0.20 in 18~24,25~34,35~44,45~54,55~59 years old group,P<0.05),but not by registered residence(0.10‰of Jinhua area vs 0.14‰of other areas)or occupation(‰)(0.09 vs 0.24 vs 0.11 vs 0.03 vs 0.09 vs 0.11,and 0.13 for students,workers,farmers,civil servants,medical personnel,employees and freelancers,P>0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of HIV antibody in Jinhua area was lower than that in other areas.Blood stations should continue to carry out ELISA and NAT,strengthen the publicity and education of AIDS prevention and control,and ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical blood use.