防范外来物种入侵的口岸卫生检疫对策

Countermeasures of frontier health quarantine to prevent invasion of alien species

外来物种入侵已成为全球性的生物安全问题。本文概述了外来物种的定义、口岸卫生检疫防范的外来入侵物种的种类和传入渠道,介绍了外来物种入侵所引起的严重威胁国家(国门)生物安全和生态安全、严重影响人民健康和正常生活、直接或间接影响我国经济发展和社会稳定等危害;阐述了防控工作中存在的主要问题,并从防控的制度、体系、模式和机制建设等层面提出了及时建立和修订相关法律政策法规,构建由工作制度、技术标准和监测体系组成的防控体系,口岸外来物种智慧检测鉴定模式和全方位合作的联防联控机制等口岸卫生检疫对策。

The invasion of alien species has become a global biosecurity problem. This paper summarized the definition of alien species and types as well as transmission routes of alien species for frontier health quarantine.The hazards of threats to biosecurity and ecological safety,peo ple’s health safety and normal life,direct or indirect economic development and social stability caused by invasion of alien species were also introduced. Meanwhile,it elaborated the major problems of prevention and control,raised the countermeasures of establishing and revising related laws and regulations,constructing prevention and control system of working regime,technical standards and monitoring system,intelligent detection and identification ability,joint prevention and control mechanism for frontier health quarantine at the level of regime,system,pattern and mechanism.